Marketing an Introduction Essay Example for Free

market an Introduction EssayMicro surroundMarketing management their job is to build strong relationships with customers by creating customer determine and satisfaction. But marketing managers quite a littlenot do this alvirtuoso. Marketing success will require building relationships with other company departments, suppliers , marketing intermediaries , customers , competitors and various publics.The companyMarketing managers must work closely with other company departments. Other departments have an impact on the marketing departments plans and actions. All of these functions must think consumer.SuppliersSuppliers form an important refer in the companys overall customer value delivery system. They provide the resources seduce awayed by the company to conjure up its goods and services. Supplier problems can gravely affect marketing. Rising supply costs may force price increases that can harm the companys sales volume. Marketers build strong relationships with its suppli ers.Marketing intermediariesMarketing intermediaries helper the company to promote , sell and distribute its products to final demoralizeers. Includes resellers , physical distribution firms , marketing services agencies and financial intermediaries. * Resellers distribution channel firms that help the company find customers or even out sales for them. These include wholesalers and retailers who buy and resell merchandise.* Physical distribution firms Help the company to stock and move goods from their points of production line to their destinations. * Marketing services agencies Marketing research firms , advertising agencies , media firms , and marketing consulting firms. * Financial intermediaries Banks , credit companies , insurance companies and other financial institutions or insurance institutions against the risks associated with the buying and interchange of goods. Todays marketers know the importance of working with their intermediaries as partners.CompetitorsA c ompany must provide greater customer value and satisfaction than its competitors do. Marketers need to do more(prenominal) than simply adapt to the needs of their customers. You need a strategy as a firm.PublicsPublic is any base that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organizations ability to achieve its objectives. There be seven types of publics1) Financial publics This group influences the companys ability to obtain funds 2) Media publics This group carries news , features and editorial opinion. 3) Government publics Management must take government developments into account. (Product safety , integrity in advertising and other matters) 4) Citizen-action public A companys marketing decisions may be questioned by consumer organizations , environmental groups , minority groups and others. PR can help to stay in touch with consumers and citizen groups 5) Local publics Relation with neighborhood residents and community organizations. 6) General public Th e general public and their opinions and the company and their products 7) Internal publics Workers , managers , volunteers and the gore of directors.CustomersCustomers are the most important actors in the companys micro environment. The main point is to serve the consumer and make them your customer. 1) Consumer market Households and individuals 2) Business market buy goods or services for further processing. 3) reseller markets Buy goods or services to resell it at a profit 4) Government markets Buy goods or services to produce publics services or transfer the goods to those who need them. 5) International markets Buyers in other countries could be consumers , business , resellers and governments.Macro environmentExternal factors that may be a threat to a company. There are 6 macro environmental elementsDemographicDemography is the study of human populations in terms of size , niggardness , location , age , gender , race , occupation and other statistics. Demography has a hu ge impact on marketing because it involves bulk and people make up markets. The world s large and highly diverse population poses both opportunities and challenges. Marketers have to keep a close watch on the demographic trends and developments in their markets , at home and abroad. timess * Baby boomers Born between 1946-1964. single of the most powerful forces shaping the marketing environment. They have had many good eld but now with a sharp decline in stock prices and home set , many baby boomers are now spending more carefully and planning to work longer. * Generation X Born between 1965-1976. They lie in the shadow of the baby boomers. Not hooeyistic. First genesis of paternal divorce and working moms. The MTV generation. They are spending more carefully. Many companies are focusing one Generation X als target segment. * Millennials/Generation Y Born between 1977-2000 This group includes several age cohorts Tweens (9-12) Teens (13-18) Young adults (19-32)With a big pu rchase power they are an attractive market for business. This generation is fluent with the digital technology. They dont embrace technology , it is a way of life. Generational Marketing Do marketers have to make antithetical products for all(prenominal) generation ? Defining people by their birthdate may be less effective than segmenting them by their lifestyle , life stage or the common values they seek in products they buy.The traditionalistic household has disappeared and marketers must increasingly consider the special needs of non-traditional households , because they are now growing more rapidly than traditional households. Each group has distinctive needs and buying habits.Geographic shifts plenty move all the time. Such population shifts interest marketers because people in different regions buy differently. (Migration from North to South , East to West , City to suburban areas etc) Better educated population The rising number of well educated people will increase th e demand for quality products , books , magazines, travel , personal computers and internet services. Increasing diversity Countries vary in their ethnic and racial make up. One nation has just one culture and another nation has loads of cultures within their avouch culture. Marketers have to take that in account nowadays. They make products to one or more groups. But it can also be differences in your sexual orientation that marketers take in account. Another diversity segment is for adults with disabilities. Marketers take advantage of opportunities in fast growing segments.Economic EnvironmentConsists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns. Marketers must pay close attention to major(ip) trends and consumer spending patterns. Nations vary greatly in their levels and distribution of income. Some countries have industrial economies , which constitute rich markets for many different kinds of goods. Subsistence economies They consume most of their o wn agricultural and industrial goods. In between are developing economies which can offer outstanding marketing oppurtunities for the right kind of products.Changes in income and spending People could spend loads of money until the economic crisis showed up. The economic meltdown has been psychologically wrenching after a quarter century of prosperity. People live sticker to basic and adopted their lifestyle , and their spending pattern. Marketers are now trying to give people good quality for a good and fair price. Marketers should pay attention to income distribution as well as income levels. Changing consumer spending patterns Consumers of different income levels have different spending patterns. Engels law When the income increases , the percentage washed-out on food declines , the percentage spent on housing remains constant and the percentage spent on most other categories and that devoted to savings increase.Natural EnvironmentInvolves the natural resources that are need ed as inputs by marketers or that are affected by marketing activities. Environmental concerns have openhanded the last three decades. Global warming is a hot issue. Marketers should be aware of several trends in the natural environment. First involves growing shortages of raw material such as water pollution and air pollution. Second is increased pollution The industry will amost always damage the quality of the natural environment ( Chemical and nuclear wastes)Third trend is increased government intervention in natural resource management. One government cares more than the other. Today companies are developing strategies and practices that support environmental sustainability an effort to create a world economy that the planet can support indefinitely. The consumer responds with an increasing demand for environmental prudent products. Other companies are developing recyclable or biodegradable packaging , recycled materials and components , better pollution controls , and more energy-efficient operations.Technological environmentThe technological environment is possibly the most dramatic force now , shaping our destiny. Technology has created miracles with medicines , surgery , electronics and internet. But also horrors as nuclear weapons m chemical weapons and assault rifles. The technological environment changes rapidly. New technologies creates new markets and opportunities. However every new technology replaces an old one. Marketers should keep themselves up to date or soon their products will be outdated. As products and technology become more complex , the public needs to know that these are safe. Thus the government agencies investigate and ban potentially unsafe products.Political and Social EnvironmentMarketing decisions are strong affected by developments in the political environment. It consists laws , government agencies and pressure groups that influence or fixate various organizations and individuals in a given society

Reflective Journal Essay Example for Free

Reflective Journal EssayThe fighting spirit. What a catchy name for a title of an article that stirred my heart deeply and had stirred emotions of mine. I adopt known this humble gentleman since the day I stepped my foot on Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM), Shah Alam. We were introduced to this awe-inspiring somebody named Prof Datuk Seri Dr Sahol Hamid Abu Bakar during our orientation week. I have grown my fondness towards this man on the exact moment he started to give speech upon hundreds of fresh newbies in our great hall, Dewan Seri Budiman. But I never thought in my slightest mind on how his previous life story would give me this impact.One would never know, git those smiles he put on his face, there were hardships, long ago before he made it to be a successful, acknowledged person now. I domiciliate finally understand what life is. God put us in a difficult situation just to make us stronger and to teach us how to cope with troubles when there are obstacles come betwe en in the middle of journey. I really look up on Datuk Sahol Hamid as he was real determined to achieve his dream.How he keeps the humbleness in his daily routines although he is now an engineer in profession, really made me realize that I have to keep in my mind, I should never forget where I came from if one day, Gods willing I managed to grab my dream in the future. vertical like Datok Sahol himself, he always reminds the UiTMs students to never forget our duty to Allah S.W.T in spite of the busy and hectic schedule of a student. Above all, I must thank my parents for bringing me up to who I am today. For being patient with my attitudes all these while as I consider myself was not very develop during those days. After all, Gods plan is like a movie, all the good and bad things are arranged together for the good ending.

Occupational Health and Safety Management System Development

Occupational Health and sentry go Management System DevelopmentINTRODUCTION1.1 BackgroundIn recent years, there have postgraduate number of occupational death and injury to occur in store. This number of occupational slash not only slander for worker. This also is a greatly move the productivity of society. Follow the Government statistics result in 2005, there have HK$ 1.02 billion compensation to injury worker and their family.This table are gift the number of fortuity are decrease from 35,986 to 33,652 is decreasing compare with one year. what is more in stinting centering, after accident are also affect team morale, feeling and productivity. Under the statistics result to find that ab let on 1.7 million sick leave day after occupational accident to carry on the economic loss. In individual way, not only physic everyy damage for worker. In psychology way, are also charters to pay more time to recuperation and step by step to build up their functional feeling to rep air the productivity.To pared the number of occupational accident and injury in store and workplace. destiny to evaluate and analyses more detail before setup the workplace. So that why we need to depend on Occupational refuge and wellness guidance forms. impart technical simulation, research and analytic thinking the normally convey of injury and accident from unsafe workplace, surroundings, insufficient gum elastic facility, un golosh working behavior with worker. In material body 2 are separate to three main perseverance field to harbor more easily to evaluate and put on technical comparison and contrivance to analysis the selective information to diagnose some decisionBefore to analysis and evaluate the cause of occupational accident. Firstly to study occupational guideline and appraise cause to evaluate the authority judges in the existing or in fortify workplace environment. In Fig 3 are describe the electromotive force hazards in site are damage to the worker. Cause the accident are the mild steel board are pressing to his leg. thus organize the grievous safeguard and occupational watchfulness specific form for specific work place. This mean not all-occupational precaution scheme backside in full satisfy for all warehouse and workplace.But interest the previous case, In real develop to analysis their right golosh attitude and his working method from worker and streetwalker is very difficult to know. So need to really understand specific workplace for different condition and different ways. For example Occupational accident touchs human, tools or machine and workplace. In human way, require knowing worker or employee working background, enough safety aware intimacy and operation experience for employer reference. Furthermore in extraneous ways are also become factor to affect the employee working performance. It toilette include working duration temperature, actual workplace, and placidity time are really enough l eave behind for employee to reduce mental fatigue. Try to study those follow up oning factors to establish for the occupational safety and wellness organization for different working area. thusly to use this effective human and environment data to redesign or rearrange to reduce or pr issue the occupational accident and improve the confident for their job.Our goals have been try to really know the main cause depends on operators perspective and his working experience. Furthermore can take this knowledge or experience to establish solid know rump to prevent or reduce the occupational accidents in warehouse or industry field and improve to high specimen of occupational and wellness in Hong Kong.1.2 AIMSThese aims of the final year project are introduce the occupational and oversight schema in warehouse and to analyze this oversight schema for some simulation approach.1.3 OBJECTIVES1. To develop and set up a safety and wellness guidance system.2. To in positive(predicate) the major(ip) cause of occupational accident in warehouse.1.4 METHODOLOGYTo satisfy the intentions, this report can divide into two offends. The first part is bespeak major data from our warehouse. The second part is using the result to improve the safety and health care for warehouse.In the first part, we step by step to collar and research some data from the working location. We need to record the working behavior and observe their working process to analyze their working sequence. And then base on their working process to find out which working process give cause occupational accident. That following data I allow collect from my part time job location in the garment warehouse. And I depart develop the safety and vigilance system to help for this warehouse to reduce number of accident.This following data for case study pull up stakesing show into next part, such as causes of accident, working environment. For these case studies, warehouse supervisors and staffs are wond er from survey Questionnaire. From this questionnaire will list number of attainable cause can lead the occupational accident. The survey result will show in the following chapter.1.5 OrganizationThis case study is divided into eight chapters and following the sequence to satisfy the project objective. Then will list the introduction of content.Chapter One designChapter One is introduces the background, objective, aims and methodology of the case study in the listed chapter.Chapter Two Literature ReviewChapter Two will separate into six sections, in the first part will overview different type of stages of safety and health commission system. System structure, simulation, and implementation.Chapter Three System DesignIn chapter three will show my possible system design. Firstly to collect the real data, set out some case analysis and use simulation software to simulate the cause of accident. The method will show in this following chapter.Furthermore, the format of the survey q uestionnaire is shown in the below. Then the possible cause of accident will also list in the publications followup. This purpose can fulfill the achievement for the objective. Which criteria of accident cause will choose more detail in this chapter and fulfill objective 1.Chapter Four resultant role Survey QuestionnaireChapter four will list the following result and problem finding from the questionnaire. Depend on the serious mistake and then analysis the result. Then will present the survey result into this chapter. From the analysis result to calculate the mark and using statistical method to present which condition will easily to have occupational accident. This following result can satisfy the objective 2.Chapter Five DiscussionIn Chapter five, It will group some similar data from each survey. According the relevant result or pattern of warehouse accident cause. afterwards that to following the average to arrange the importance level from workers feedback. succeeding(a) part of this chapterChapter Six ConclusionChapter Six is the final chapter for evaluates the analyzing result. Depend on the result and develop the commensurate occupational and safety management system for this warehouse to prevent accident to make worker injury.Chapter 2Literature Review2.1 IntroductionThis following aim for this chapter are show the literature review connect for the occupational and safety health management system, cause of occupational accident for real case. Firstly to divide into two part. One part is Cause of warehouse occupational accident and next part is safety and health system.As the cases are depend on various components and different situation will make different warehouse accident occurrence,Moreover are included some tasks with workplace design, implementation, and outcome will be discussed.In the next part, these purposes for make a summary for different types and possible accident in the warehouse and notice in the different literatures. Then w ill categorize this possible cause, and make expatiate revision for different cause to find out the cause of accident in warehouse.2.2 Definition of Terms2.2 Definition of Occupational rubber eraser and Health DefinitionsA definition of safety and health operator in the working area with cross-disciplinary have safety facilities, protection, and health for the worker. The goal is provide the safe working environment for all occupational fields.The purpose is protecting for the employer, employee, client, and workers family, supplier, public and community work by the work place. Such as public health field, occupational medicine, ergonomics, industrial field in production factory, warehouse, bring inion site.2.3 Definition of precaution and Health Management SystemOccupational safety and health management system is consolidation management method to reduce happen in work place.It followed safety guidelines and re set aparts this process need to teamwork support and management leadership to monitor the status.Depend on different business organization to form based conclusions and various results. And require higher exercising rate of the safety and management system than type selected. It should be provide good atmosphere for implement the occupational safety and health to implement and practices.2.4 Structure of Safety and Health Management SystemStructure of Safety and Health Management System are divide into SIX main criteria is Planning, growing, Organizing, Implementing, Measuring and Reviewing.2.4.1 PlanningPlanning is occasion to evaluate which criteria should be to complete. Firstly to bump which safety and health task should be suitable to support in warehouse and use relevant Safety and Health Management Regulation. Then will accord sequence for the safety and health object to design and achieve that. Furthermore need accomplish this safety object may be lead to arise the financial and usage of resource.Secondly, for the management team ne ed to determine the sign stage to analysis for existing safety and health system to make are some lay outs. Then will make some estimation to define the priorities of working process for risk management control and hazard reduction. After will setup the bars for the system outcome. Later should be make regular status perspicacity to analysis for the safety and health system in the daily process.Additionally, there are detail to show how to define the initial status analysis, regular analyses and risk estimation is shown as follows a) Initial status analysisThis is a measuring step to find out exist job location are focus the importance of the safety and health business for the initial in the warehousing in progress. It should be first time to setup done in the safety management system depend on the proprietor of the working process.Furthermore, the employer should provide enough facility to worker for the Safety Management Regulation properly.b) Regular status analysesAfter opera te initial status analysis, employer need to keep regularly applying the improving safety and health management system in warehouse continuously. The safety officer or supervisor should be consort the scope and regularly to apply assessment for analysis to be following The problem findings / safety and health management system revision Introduce usage the new technology Rearrange in management of organizational structure.c) Risk EstimationThis aims for planning task, risk estimation is apply to test and establish the data file for overall risk in warehouse operation Then the problem findings will apply into the formula to create the risk reduce strategy, assign the safety and health object and set up the performance standards and object priorities.Basic procedure in risk estimation include as follow1) Classify of potential hazardsThis is procedures of classify all-important and potential hazards are related into working process and need to concern the damage of the user.2) Evaluati on for riskThis is the procedure of the evaluation for specific subject of risk with every potential hazard that suppose each facility are in control in workplace, and mold the effective task and the result of their failure.Then need to concern if the risk assessment have some tolerance, if the tolerance occur, the supervisors need input into record which in or out of the statutory standard are also need to transform to international approve standards. If the risk can met or lower for the suitable level that will take it into tolerance counted.After the potential risk evaluation, there is elimination and reduction task to classify and for control purposei) frame-up safety and health process and potential control standardThe safety and health process should be no tolerance during the exploitation.ii) Maintenance and Carry out the safety and health processIt should be appropriately to support and implement the Safety and health process and risk control. In the other hand, risk manag ement control should be kept in effective.iii) Review of safety procedures and risk control measuresRegular review is obligatory for safety process and risk control. Need to be keeping in suspect way check the system isnt in function. When the critical change occurs is also related.After the risk assessment will discuss into next part.3) Assign person for implementationThe safety officer or supervisor needs to select a reliable staffor worker to implement analyses in progress and risk assessment.This reliable person should have(a) Make sure this person should be keeping the system in progress.(b) Provide a technical training course and practice to earn the management experience.2.4.2 DevelopingThis is a process to how to achieve the safety and health management system1) Following this status, the warehouse supervisor need to be understandably explain approval safety and health policy and document with specific objective in the initial planning status and make sure that policy invol ve this following agreement i) To accomplish a high quality standard of safety and health to promise tomet minimum requirements and regular to practice to keep in highperformance.ii) The first line supervisor should be have indigenous responsibilities to create the occupational safety and health system to keep in progress.iii) Offer enough resource to carry out the systemiv) Make sure acquaintance, maintenance the system, carry out the system for each level of management system.v) Ensure each worker can provide sufficient safety knowledge and training to work for their job and responsibilities.vi) Provide the regular review the management system.2) Implement the safety and health system by the supervisors should be provides and arranges effective management planning for specific objective.i) Distinctly direction to lead to supervisor and manager cooperate with worker to achieve the specific target of the safety and health management system.This safety and health management system s hould be setup in the industrial and warehouse undertaking for first line management team, collect whimsy and more helpfully for safety and health individually. All worker and different grade of manager should be participating for each stage of safety and health system. Not fixed format of the safety plan for how detail and pattern.Furthermore, the plan should be describe the policy of the safety plan, specific objective and which level of standard can be accomplish, measuring level. Then the key point should be set it outa) Fully preparation for supervises the management plan to be success.b) Apply the management system should be implement and well prepare each component into industrial field.c) The responsibilities should be properly to assign into safety and health system.For necessary use, it should be include safety guidebook, method statement, and safety manual. Every level of managers, supervisors and worker should clearly understand the plan and their duty and focus in impl ementation. Developing the effective sharing system in structure.Lastly, safety and health plan need to fixed period to revise or review to improve the system more effective.2.4.3 OrganizingThis is a communication and sharing procedure of the relationship between user and resources control in the working structure to complete their goal. The proprietor should be have-to doe with for relevant industrial is neededi) Fully synthesized in the industrial field and apply into each process bydifferent size of jobs.ii) clutch to provide enough money and can suitable fit the comp bothsize and characteristic for policy in progress should be suitable todeveloping and maintaining the parts of the safety and healthmanagement system.iii) It should be organize by have industrial field experience staff to set upand provide practice more efficient and effectively.To from a similar industrial fieldiv) To assigned responsibilities of safety and health for each staff.iv) To assign the operation for t he safety member, a safetydepartment/unit/group (safety officer means a person employed as a safety officer in an industrial undertaking under the Factories)vii) Need to offer authority to implement their safety and health responsibilitiesviii) Make a meeting to sharing the occupational and safety and health information more effectively.2.4.4 ImplementingThis is the process of carrying out or applying the practice and training into accomplish the specific purpose. Make sure that have enough manipulate and relevant control for the performance followed in the management plans.Follow this step, the employer of a relevant industrial field is neededi) To evaluate and carry out the plan to classify the risk and then can fulfillthe legal standard as well to mention the safety management.ii) Need to provide enough monitoring and make sure that plan caneffectively to carry out.iii) Well prepare and keep providing adequate documentation work torecord and keep checking the management progress in the work place.iv) Well design the emergency system plans for special situation and keep itsystem into critical precedence.2.4.5 MeasuringThis is a process for checking the management system performance to against legal standard to let them know where has potential risk need to control and improve.Furthermore to let them know which objective can fulfill the objective or not. In this measuring part, this part will derive the feedback system for this stage for system development and implementation and then to invoke ability of the system maintain to reduce the risk and continues keep it efficiency. Following this stage, the proprietor of an industrial field is neededi) to implement the monitoring review, such as, hardware inspections (for example machine, plant and building) and software inspections (such as human, working process and working system),ii) Especially for supervisors, team leader have responsibilities to compactly monitor the performance of the safety and health management systemiii) To implement the monitoring of the potential hazard management control, such as supervise of occupational accident, health display demonstrator and near misses.iv) To make decision for the immediate situation of performance and classify the potential causes and to involve for the system design and system operation of the safety and health management.v) To correct whichever situation identified during in the monitoring and checking process.vi) During the observation procedure to develop and carrying out status to continuously to get the opinion information to improve the safety and health management system in working operation.2.4.6 ReviewingThese mean to implement to estimate performance in regular monitoring of safety and health management system. Auditing is construct the feedback systeminto planning stage which to enhance, maintain and establish more effectively to prevent the risk occurs.In addition, the information sharing and flowing into the planning, d eveloping implementing and maintenance stages. In the other hand, reviewing stage also can make sure that working process be correct of the safety and health management system.Following this reviewing stage, the employer of warehouse field is neededi) To periodic a safety auditor or safety officer to regularly present safety audits review with sections 13 or 19 of the Safety Management Regulation.ii) To setup facilities, safety information for the safety officer review proposes of safety regular evaluate harmonize sections 14 or 20 of the Safety Management Regulationiii) When safety review assessment hand-in to take the appropriate action, such as design the safety and management plan improvement and carrying out the management system in sections 16 and 22iv) Regularly to receive the opinion information from the safety assessment and audit for modify the planning, developing, organizing and implementing stages to step by step to improve the safety and health management system in wor king procedure.Safety and Health management system model can be diagram summarized for the followingManagement modelto develop, implement and maintain a safety management systemFig.4 Safety and Health Management Structure ModelLegendInformation LinkControl LinkChapter Three System DesignIn chapter three will show my possible system design. Firstly to collect the real data, make some case analysis and use simulation software to simulate the cause of accident. The method will show in this following chapter.3.1 sentry duty CONCEPTThe purpose of this section to make a basic introduction of the safety system concept and indicate some methods by different potential hazard can be produce. This is very important for the system users and system maker of the safety simulation to clearly know the concept of safety and expect which type of risks are show in the simulation. As you know, there are no fully dependable way to prevent hazard during the working process of safety and health system.S afety concepts difficult for each people fully understand. But we can also say liberty for working place situation can make body damage, death, tools and equipment damage. So we try to develop the safety system to make safe completely, but quondam(prenominal) design safety system is need to concede system performance and function for some design change.If we following to apply the system into warehouse, the safety system to be effective, but the system are also have some footsteps of risk can need accept. After that will be have more interrelate with external condition, then the remnants if risk will need to keep going to solve from safety system. It reminds that no any system can fully to prevent all the risk from safety system, no matter what the system is really outstanding can manage external condition and worker actions are also cannot perfectly to reduce all accident in warehouse.On the other hand, if insert too many of safety characteristic into safety system may be affect the original goal for the warehouse. The level of safety function is needed to concede based on the level of accident.The potential hazard caused by the people, tools and equipment and working condition are mixed together to make a possible to occur. Such as, a potential hazard apply in normal procedure, but the working area are existing a number of worker will cause high hazard for the worker.3.2 System design lay outFig 5 The Safety SystemIn this warehouse environment, this is mixed system that includes people, working process, workplace, and product. in that respect also are important criteria for this process. That complicated system is involving high frequency of interaction with external working environment.This system can apply into different way of workplace to define number of potential risk. Contrarily, we can apply the result and data to demonstrate and analysis the number of potential hazards. Then apply this system to prevent and reduce the high potential risk.3.3 Basi c Accident ModeAccident is an unexpected event during in working process that also causes unexpectable damage for worker, destroy the production process, and may be loss the action during the process. Furthermore, we find that result basically in control mechanisms, potential hazards, working exposure and showtime of implementation, that following long chain criteria to from accident.In unsophisticated way can define that has potential hazard situation, then to start implement the event, that following the event order to acquire the result form accident. In real situation, that potential risk is existing, but we can control by a number of verifying control mechanisms.Fig 6 Basic Accident ModeIn the accident model way the accident appears in accident model way, this means the control mechanisms are failure. The model of Basic Accident had shown in Fig 6.Later will present more complicated model with number of accident chains with different potential risk situation to pass through and number of control mechanisms by passed when the accident appear. in that location is the complicated model to show in basic accident mode and try to indicate the point during into the number of effect in accident control to analysis to prevent the get hold of accident appearing.Fig 7 Loop of Accident FeedbackFigure 7 present the loops of feedback and identify what is suitable way to manage the safety and health system. After we receiving this opinion and according this follows mechanisms to classify for the information system for safety purpose. And each criteria insert into accident chain and is a chance to indicated the potential risk, reported the accident details and apply the control mechanisms to reduce the unsafe and potential hazard.The function of loop A is provide the minimum requisition for safety system and construct the accident reports to show the details and unwanted incidents. But this posting may not actually to prevent in the initial accident and not sometime to make a good effect to avoid the accidents occur in the future for insert into the statistical analysis to solve the system of safety and health management issue.The loop B is normally lower frequency to carry out and open-heart and regularly to report of dangerous acts. There are the precursors for the accident, Loop B can assign for the safety control.Loop C and Loop D are commonly more operative and apply for the pro officious safety and health management and for classify potential hazard circumstances in the early status during in the chain. That following significant concept is suitable for simulation condition, and partly cause for technical accidents.Two important fail identification applied in active and latent in the basic concept in this model. inception the design, establish and operate the safety and health simulation system.A. There is meaning of the mistake or to contravene will have contrary effect immediately. These active failures are normally to relate into th e worker activity during in the safety and health management system. These modes of active failures are not historied to apply into the system during into decision making in not approval.B. On the other hand, there is some decision-making and some operation which to make the condition without immediate reaction. They create this condition will to hibernate in long period of time till to touch off the action when the accident to appear. These means the latent failures are famous able to apply for the system from the operator to take out from the operation immediately.3.4 Potential put on the line management and control flowWhen a number of risk and hazard occur can be to calculate for reduce, prevent and easily to control. Figure 8 plates in a risk identify method process. It clearly to show that can fully satisfy the requirement to reduce and prevent the hazard appears from the system design, but if cannot satisfy for different criteria to manage the potential hazard. There are fol lowing ways had be provide, provide the system training for the system users and setting the warning system for notice the users.Fig 8 Hazard preventable FlowchartHowever, if can classify the potential risk can be maximize to eliminated and to spread the possibility for long remain. These can transfer the remnant risk to safety and health system operator for control.Fig 9 Change of Remnant and Unclassified hazardAs shown the diagram 9, the remnant risks are mixed into classified hazard which to consider that acceptable. Then the cognitive risks are transfer to users, they indicate for them to manage the document and link up to users.3.5 Criteria FOR SIMULATION SAFETYThis is a large size of safety and health guideline for applies into the simulation area.a) The judgements and care the safety and health simulation by authorized people.b) Provide safety support and safety advice in working place and other working area.c) Through latent and active failures to introduce in the comprehens ive condition.d) Comprehensive working environments can advise their working area have owned potential risk as simulation the sickness and prevent the negative training.e) Need to mention the software and resources to reapply for new system and other new working objective.f) When issue the simulation need to concern the backgrounds of workers can select their different safety attitudes and standards, and safety technique level. It can prevent the hazards during the safety simulation system.Fig 10 Life Cycle SystemThe capability system can operated and progress through the life cycle and therefore included five phases. This process in the beginning stage for classify from new capability and obtain from proceeds, services support.Then the safety simulation needs to concern the life cycle for system complete. Under the safety and health system are need to prepare the life cycle of the simulation system.3.6 Key of Safety controlThe simulation life cycle are treat are involved a number of tasks. When processing the system is need to planning in the beginning stage for test and analysis activities. Apply this safety and health management system is demand to tone ending through all existing stage of simulation life cycle. Furthermore, also have number of safety and health management activities are also involve for different phase of a life cycle system are shown in Fig 10.And detail define total safety and health management events are need to documented information, and involve a number of management activities are applying independently. Then will applied in unfailingly method is base on balls through to organization. Following the pre-determined planing of the safety and management activities to present the systematic format.Fig 11 Safety Activity for each Life Cycle stageSafety Activity to be involved the Life Cycle stageStage 0Stage 1Sage 2

Organization An Important Management Decision

Organization An Important Management DecisionAccording to question 1, it required to give the reasons of selecting electronic electronic computer computer gruelingwargon and package for the brass instrument an important management decision. It also required to state out the management, organization, and applied science issues that should be considered when selecting computer ironware.A computer is a programmable simple machine that accepts input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a physical exertionful format. A computer is made up of combination of two components, which is hardware and bundle. Both components are important and harbour its own functions and meaningful usages. The simplest definition of hardware is the thing which we fag touch and software is the thing which we can non touch but only feel. computing machine hardware is the forcible the mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical components making up a computer system. Examples c omputer hardware are Central Processing Unit (CPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), hard disks, CD-ROM Compact Disk Read-Only Memory), keyboards, mice, printers, modem, router, and and so onComputer software is the detailed instructions that control the operation of a computer system. Computer software is shared into two major types of software, which is system software and exertion software. System software is a set of everydayized programs that manage the computers resources, such as CPU, communication links, and encircling(prenominal) devices. Examples of system software are Microsoft Windows, Mac OSX, Linux, BIOS software, Device Diver Software, and etc. Application software describes the programs that are written for or by users to apply the computer to a specific task. Examples of application software are, Microsoft Word, Mozilla Firefox, E-mail software, groupware, and etc.CUsersSunny Chen-MunDesktop lookFigure 1.jpgFigure 1 Computer hardware (Examples only)CUsersSunny Chen- MunDesktopFigureFigure 2.jpgFigure 2 Computer software (Examples only)Answer (Question 1)Nowadays, most of the greatest organizations are using the computer engineering science and had implemented their own IT (Information Technology) department(s). They cannot neglect the the right way and productive of its IT department(s) which brings their strain towards success. Examples of organizations are Apple Inc., FedEx, Wal-Mart, McDonalds, and etc. Hence, IT is now critical to an organizations success, so it is important that an organization should uses the computer technology in its daily business routine and the computer hardware and software meets the inquires of the organization. The managers and/or IT employees must have the empathizeing of the role of computer hardware and software in the decisions that promote organizational performance and productivity.The computer components, either hardware devices or software, are now updating and improving its technology frequently a nd speedy, and hence affected its price are rising. The computer hardware and software make ups a lot of money in an organization. Therefore, it is very important that the IT department of an organization should choose and buy the most appropriate and address-efficient computer hardware and software.While selecting the most appropriate and cost-effective computer hardware and software, it also needs to be sufficiently powerful to meet the demands of the certain users and future unpredictable increasing of users demand. Therefore, expand great power and scalability of the computer hardware and software needs to be carefully planned and considered.Selection and use of computer hardware and software technology can have a deep impact on business performance. Computer hardware and software represent important organizational assets that must be managed appropriately. The most important issues in managing computer hardware and software technology assets are understanding the new techno logy requirements for electronic commerce and digital firm, determining the total cost of technology assets, and determining whether to own and maintain technology assets or use impertinent technology supporter providers for an organization.Managers and IT specialists need to fabricate attention to the computer hardware capacity planning and scalability. Capacity planning is the process of predicting when a computer hardware system becomes saturated. Capacity planning ensures that the organization has enough computing power for its current and future needs. Business managers need to instruct acceptable directs of computer response time and availability for the organizations mission-critical systems to maintain the level of business performance they expect. New applications, mergers and acquisitions, and changes in business volume all impact computer workload and must be considered when planning hardware capacity. Scalability refers the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down. Organizations must make sure they have sufficient computer processing, storage, and engagement resources to handle their business databases and to make it available online constantly. Hence, not affect their daily business routine or the availability for users demand.The purchase and maintenance of computer hardware and software is but one of a series of cost components that managers must consider when selecting and managing computer hardware and software technology assets. The total cost of ownership (TCO) model can be apply to analyze these direct and indirect costs to help organizations determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations. TCO designates the total cost of owning technology resources, including initial purchase costs, the cost of hardware and software upgrades, maintenance, technical support, and training. It is possible to reduce some of these administration costs by dint of make be tter management. Organizations can reduce their TCO through greater centralization and standardization of their computer hardware and software resources. They also can reduce the size of the discipline systems staff required to support their infrastructure if the organization minimized the number of different computer models and pieces of software that employees are al patheticed to use. When TCO can be reduced, computers might snuff it up to several times worth the original purchase price of the equipment.Another important management decision when selecting computer hardware and software was to determine whether to own and maintain technology assets or use external technology service providers for an organization. Nowadays, many organizations are obtaining their computer hardware and software technology from external service vendors. That is because it significantly cheaper and can actiond lots of costs in maintaining and administrating.One of the popular external service vendor is online Storage Service supplier (SSP) is a third-party provider that rents out storage space to subscribers over the Web, allowing customers to store and access their data without having to purchase and maintain their own storage technology.Application service provider (ASP) is a play along providing software that can be rented by other companies over the Web or a private network. ASP not just helps an organization to save cost of software purchases and updates, there may be benefits allows the organization to focus on core business issues instead of technology challenges.Utility computing model of computing in which organizations pay only for the IT resources they actually use during a specified time period. It also on-demand computing or usage-based pricing. Again, utility computing model helps to save cost of computer hardware and software of an organization.Moreover, when selecting computer hardware, it is very important that an organization should consider management, org anization, and technology issues. In management issues, selecting computer hardware technology for the organization is a key business decision and it should not be left to technical specialists alone. General Managers should understand the capabilities of various computer processing, input, and storage, options, as well as price versus performance relationships. They should be involved in hardware-capacity planning technology asset management, decisions to distribute computing, downsize, or use network computers.In organization issues, computer hardware technology can either enhance or impede organizational performance. Computer hardware selection should consider how well the technology meshes with the organizations culture and structure as well as its information processing requirements.In technology issues, IT today is not limited to computers but must be viewed as an array of digital devices networked together. Organizations have many computer processing options to choose from, i ncluding mainframes, workstations, PCs, and network computers, and many different ways of configuring hardware components to create systems.Conclusion (Question 1)In conclusion, selecting computer hardware and software for the organization an important management decision to remedy business performance and productivity, while reduces the wasting cost for unnecessary aspects. Several reasons are new computer components costs lots of money, IT is now critical to an organizations success, so the computer components must meets the needs of the organization, and the computer components needs to be sufficiently powerful to meet the future increasing of users demand.When selecting computer hardware and software, the managers and IT specialists of an organization need to understand the new technology requirements for electronic commerce and digital firm, to determine the total cost of technology assets, and to determine whether to own and maintain technology assets or use external technolo gy service providers for an organization.In addition, good decisions for selecting computer hardware and software make a business grow. Bad ones will ruin organizations business money and investors money. When these money is gone, the business will fail.Question 2If you were a manager in a company that operates in many countries, what criteria would you use to determine whether a new system should be developed as a planetary application or local application? Why? base (Question 2)According to question 2, it required to state out and explains the reasons of the criteria that use to determine whether a new system should be developed as a worldwide application or local application, if I am a manager in a company that operates in many countries.A global application is a computer system that able to operate across study boundaries, political, global knowledge base, human being cultures, law and legal systems, religions, global environmental, social expectations, languages and etc. W hile a local application is opposite of global application, it concentrates and operates locally or within a company only.Assume that I am a manager of The Coca-Cola Company which operates in many countries, I would suggest for the new system should be developed as a global application.CUsersSunny Chen-MunDesktopFigureFigure 3.jpgFigure 3 Coca-Colas logoCUsersSunny Chen-MunDesktopFigureFigure 4.jpgFigure 4 Products by The Coca-Cola CompanyAnswer (Question 2)Nowadays, many localized companies will be replaced by fast-moving networked corporations that transcend national boundaries. The value of imports and exports from all nations companies has risen to about several trillion dollars annually. Therefore, the production of The Cola-Cola Company should be also parceled out to a number of different countries. The earthly concern application would help the company in manufacturing, production, and operations management. It also enables to implement standard supply chain management softw are or enterprise software to coordinate global manufacturing processes and supply chains.The major criteria that the new system should be developed in globe application are the growth of cheap outside(a) communication and transportation has created a world culture with stable expectations or norms, and political stability and a festering global knowledge base that is astray shared contribute also to the world culture. These criteria create the condition for global market, global production, coordination, distribution, and global economies of scale.A business driver is a force in the environment to which businesses must respond and that influences the direction of the business. The global business drivers can be divided into two groups, which are general ethnic factors and specific business factors. Easily recognized general cultural factors have driven world(prenominal)ization since World War II. Information, communication, and transportation technologies have created a global village in which communication (through telephone, television, radio, or computer network) around the globe is no more difficult and not much more expensive than communication down the block. The cost of moving goods and services to and from geographically dispersed locations has fallen dramatically.The development of global communications has created a global village in a second nose out A global culture created by television, the Internet, and other globally shared media such as movies now permits different cultures and peoples to develop common expectations about undecomposed and wrong, desirable and undesirable, heroic and cowardly. The collapse of the Eastern bloc has speeded the growth of a world culture enormously, increased support for capitalism and business, and reduced the level of cultural conflict considerably.Another criterion what should be considered is the growth of a global knowledge base. Nowadays, Latin America, China, India, Southern Asia, and Eastern Europe have developed powerful educational, industrial, and scientific centers, dissolvering in a much more democratically and widely distributed knowledge base. Hence, more and more citizen has the knowledge of using computer technology and networking, better languages understanding, and more. This will enhance the meets of suitable quality of labor force, which can fit in the companys computer system easily and quickly, and then improve the productive and employee performance.These general cultural factors leading toward internationalization result in specific business globalization criteria that affect most industries. The growth of powerful communications technologies and the emergence of world cultures create the condition for global markets. globular consumers interested in consuming similar products that are culturally approved. Therefore, products of The Coca-Cola Company would be fit into global markets easily.Global production and operations have emerged with precise online coo rdination between far-flung production facilities and central headquarters thousands of miles away. Managers or employees of the company do not need to give-up the ghost a long distance for business coordination, meetings, and any management operations. By this way, it reduces the employees travels fees and save times. In addition, the transportation fees of global shipping companies are quite low compared to the recent years. This helps reduced the cost of exporting companys products to many far distance of countries.The new global markets and pressure toward global production and operation have direct towards whole new capabilities for global coordination of all factors of production. Not only production but also accounting, marketing and sales, human resources, and systems development (all the major business functions) can be coordinated on a global scale.Global markets, production, and administration create the conditions for powerful, sustained global economies of scale. Prod uction driven by worldwide global demand can be concentrated where it can best be accomplished, fixed resources can be allocated over larger production runs, and production runs in larger plants can be scheduled more efficiently and precisely estimated. Lower cost factors of production can be exploited wherever they emerge. The result is a powerful strategic advantage to organizations that can organize globally using global application. These general and specific business drivers have significantly modify world trade and commerce.Moreover, when determining the new system should be developed as a global application, it is very important that an organization should consider management, organization, and technology issues.Managers are responsible for devising an appropriate organizational and technological framework for international business. Choosing a global business strategy, identifying core business process, organizing the firm to postulate business on an international scale, a nd selecting international information system architecture are key management decision.In organization issues, culture, political, and language diversity magnifies differences in organizational culture and standard operating procedures when companies operate internationally. These differences create barriers to the development of global informational systems that transcend national boundaries.The main technology decision in edifice international system is finding a set of workable standard in hardware, software, and networking for the firms international information systems infrastructure and architecture. The Internet and intranets are increasingly used to provide global connectivity and serve as a foundation for global systems, but many companies still need proprietary system for certain functions, and , therefore, international standard.Conclusion (Question 2)In conclusion, the new system of The Coca-Cola Company would be the most appropriate developed as a global application. T he criteria that should be considered were globalize the company would increase the profits, the growth of cheap international communication and transportation has created a world culture with stable expectations or norms, and political stability and a growing global knowledge base that is widely shared contribute also to the world culture. The global application also helps in online coordination, meetings, and any management operations, which reduces employees travels fees and save times. Overall, it improves the productivity and business performance of the company.

A Report On International Marketing Strategy Marketing Essay

A Report On International Marketing Strategy Marketing look forThis paper focuses on the international trade dodging of two companies one operating in the developing world and one operating in twain the developed and developing worlds. These be raciness Jet, operating in India only and JetBlue airways, operating in USA, Mexico and exchange America.Jet blue is a low gear approach assist provider in the airline industry. JetBlue headquarters ar situated in the Forest Hills near New York. Their major trading operations are in the United States, Mexico and Central America. In good five years, JetBlue has become one of the most profitable start-up airlines. They have managed to be profitable during the present recession.JetBlue operates in a very competitive low practise sector of the airline industry. The positioning of JetBlue has been done as an affordable and quality airline with extra facilities. JetBlues CEO David Neelemen and a few Southwest Airlines employees. The se cond most important thing after security is customer service for JetBlue Training staff, and this very well justifies what Mr. Gareth Edmondson-Jones, VP of Corporate communication theory JetBlue said- We want to bring humanity back to airline travel. Its non enough just to launch a low-fare airline that can be unsold by big carriers1. According to 2008 reports there are more than 10,000 employees working for JetBlue and 134 aircrafts to 54 destinations in 6 countries.MARKETING STRATEGY of JetBlue Reaching the CustomerWithin the sign 2 years, JetBlue established a widely recognized brand name. They also have a customer loyalty program known as true(a) Blue2. JetBlue mainly competes with its competitors on high quality service provided by its employees3. It has been positioned as a low cost and high quality service provider. To keep its operations cost effective JetBlues fleet consists of only one type of aircrafts i.e. AIRBUS A320 because this brings down their maintenance cos t. JetBlues marketing strategy is attracting electromotive force customers by effectively communicating its conception that low fares and good quality service are not always mutually exclusive4.The main reasons for JetBlues operations being so cost effective are the importance given to technology and innovation and the search for highly skilled and efficient staff known as Crewmembers. While hiring, they seek to match their unified values with individuals values. In the last 10 years JetBlue has adopted a strategy of innovative marketing and profitability in the industry. Customers are given a $5 discount for booking online.They use variant methods to advertise their offers and services such as promotional efforts, newspapers, radio, television and targeted public relations. JetBlue also relies on promoting through Word-of-Mouth. They are socially responsible and believe in CSR- Corporate Social Responsibility. After the earthquake in Haiti on January 12th 2010, they collaborat ed with American Red scupper and asked people to donate for those who have lost their families and their lifes earnings in the devastating earthquake5.DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING WORLD FOR JETBLUEJetBlue is a young and dynamic low fare airline entirely it has been facing problems due to the stinting downturn. But they have been successful in distinctiating their services from their competitors by providing high quality service at low fares. They have always tried to join on the number of their operating destinations to overcome the financial crunch and increase their market base. Currently JetBlue operates in USA, Mexico and Central America and the advantage it has of working in developed countries like USA and the developing ones like Mexico and Central American countries is that they have akin(predicate) culture and similar expectations from their airline services and substantial amount of American population is Mexican so there are numerous frequent fliers which increases their customer base by substantial numbers. According to Pew Hispanic report of 2008, there were 12.7 million Mexican immigrants living in USA in 20086.There are potential threats also while operating in both developed and developing worlds i.e. the different political environment and their economies being interdependent. Due to the economic crisis in USA, providence of Mexico was also hugely affected. There are different rules and regulations for the airline industry in different countries which also depend on their economic condition i.e. whether they are developed or developing. Developed economies would probably deregulate more and developing economies would try to protect their own airline companies from the ones who come from outside to tap into the topical anaesthetic market because this way they actually import services and the local currency goes out. This depreciates their currency with respect to early(a) foreign currencies.Government regulations, political stability and e conomic condition of the countries differ from each other which make operations of industries like the Airline industry very difficult and makes the business environment very uncertain.SPICEJET AIRWAYSSpice jet is the second largest low cost airline in India. Earlier it was Modiluft airline. ModiLuft airline was the partnership between Indian industrial group Modi and Lufthansa. It is based in New Delhi and offers domestic pitiful haul services with 195 daily flights to 18 destinations in India including the big cities like Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Hyderabad7.SpiceJet is using a single-aircraft-type fleet like other low cost airlines. They are currently using 16 Boeing 737-800 and 5 Boeing 737-900ER.MARKETING STRATEGYSpiceJet is using the names of various spices for eg. Cinnamon, thyme etc. for their aircrafts. They handle their marketing campaigns with very catchy tag line Flying for everyone. As SpiceJet is low cost airline, they are more focused upon offeri ng lowest air fares to step-up more market share. They entered the market using vary different pricing strategy i.e. Rs.99 fares for 99 days and 9000 seats available at this rate8. SpiceJet maintained their low price spice fare strategy and started to sell the air tickets for Rs.500 and Rs.999. The main idea behind this is that they wanted to keep their prices very similar to first secernate tickets of Indian Railways so that any person who affords that fare can be attracted by these airline fares. Another advantage of doing this is that saves in travel time. Corporate win programs, Students discounts, discounts on group bookings are also one of the parts of their marketing strategy. They also offer air tickets with Rs.0 basic fare.Another thing we can check is that almost 25% of their sales are on their website which shows that SpiceJet encourages the online bookings to eliminate the travel agents thus to bail out travel agents fee. They are also planning to increase their numb er of fleets in order to increase their market share. They also rely on Word-of-Mouth like JetBlue does. SpiceJet also launched a new communication strategy which clearly moves away from strategies based on price to value based strategies. This strategy focuses on long term prospects and positioning SpiceJet in a different way9.COMPLEXITIES REGARDING MARKETING AIRLINE INDUSTRY IN DEVELOPING WORLDThe market size for the low fare airline services is really small i.e. just 18 cities in 28 states. That amounts for a very small size of the total population. Airline is not like other products with which consumers have to interact with on daily basis. The regular Indian traveler expects the same whether they are traveling from a low fare airline or a full service carrier with respect to some services like normal sanitation etc10.ENHANCING PERFORMANCESpicejets fleet includes Boeing 737-900ER, which earlier was fine for them to use because of cheap fuel prices but lately fuel prices have inc reased. Therefore to decrease their operating cost they can also include more fuel efficient aircrafts like ATR-72 for short distance flights and Airbus 320 for long distance flights.They can also increase the number of destinations to reach economies of scale and to increase their revenues.STAY HERE OR EXPAND minded(p) the current economic condition of other countries and the financial situation of Spicejet they should stay in India only because in the developed countries the competitors are more financially changeless and they can have a competitive advantage with respect to price and also being there before SpiceJet. Other airlines already operating in the developed countries have well established network and the experience to operate their because the government rules and regulations regarding differ from place to place and also depends on the current economic condition of the country. The cultural difference and the standard lifestyle of the customers are also different. The m eaning of a low fare airline might be different for people from different countries and the minimum expectation from the airline services as well. Its true that to increase the revenues they should tap into the other markets but right now its not the right time to that. When they decide to do so they can consider an option of collaborating with some other players in the developed country market and make some experience and know how while working with them before they decide to enter the market themselves.CONCLUSION1 http//www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?id=412 https//trueblue.jetblue.com/web/trueblue/homejsessionid=F854ECF662888C47BD9AD0E3415B9862.l13 http//www.jetblue.com/about/ourcompany/annualreport/2002/our-people.html4http//www.hotelschool.cornell.edu/chr/pdf/showpdf/chr/ search/casestudies/AAJetBFinal_with_2002_financials.pdf?my_path_info=chr/research/casestudies/AAJetBFinal_with_2002_financials.pdf5 http//american.redcross.org/site/PageServer?pagename=corp_evergreen s_company=jetblueairways-pubs_companycontent=jetblueairways-pubs_active=1s_dis1=0s_dis2=0s_dis3=1s_genops=0s_national=0s_military=0s_international=0s_local=0s_match=0s_src=FZZWGW00s_subsrc=jetblueairways-pub6 http//pewhispanic.org/files/factsheets/47.pdf7 SpiceJet Retrieved Jan 20 2010 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpiceJet8 SpiceJet Debuts with Rs.99 fare for 99 days Retrieved Jan 20 2010 http//www.spicejet.com/newspage.asp?strNews=99fares9 http//www.campaignindia.in/news/2009/08/10/spicejet-s-new-communication-strategy-attempts-to-delivervalue-10 http//www.campaignindia.in/news/2009/08/10/spicejet-s-new-communication-strategy-attempts-to-delivervalue-

Justice and Peace: The Road to Christian Salvation Essay examples -- R

Justice and Peace The Road to Christian SalvationWar appears to be the most vicious and god-awful form of human interaction. No other setting allows people to kill each other in such substantial numbers or to get under ones skin such incredible and extensive distress. Wars often take many years to develop and they base last for years longer than that and the effects duplicate for decades and charge centuries afterwards. A question that is frequently asked is If war is so terrible, why do people continue to allow it to occur? A simple answer to this can be why isnt war entirely eliminated. Oddly, some actually seem to be fond of war. Armed battle is glorified for making us superior, stronger, and worthwhile beings even though we still have the power and strength to kill others. In the United States society today, the average person feels that war is simply miserable and a vicious act. The Christian majority seem to have bought into the myth that making war, like the rest of foreign policy, is not a deterrent example issue, just a matter of fact. Faith requires Christians to determine when, and under what conditions, they may participate in the war making process. Christians strive for stop but agnize in certain extreme cases that war may be a necessary evil to rectify certain situations and this can be shown through the ongoing situation with Iraq. Unfortunately, at this point in time war appears to be inevitable with Iraq. The United States has done everything in its power to communicate with Iraq and discuss negotiations as well as trying to get Iraq to disarm. According to the tenets of Christianity it is imperative that they try to find a peaceful resolution. A Christian faith is a kind with God (Thomps... ...ar is unavoidable then a just war can take place if necessary. Is war truly the answer to all of our problems or is peace our only means to justice and freedom? Christians would say that peace is our only means to justice and freedom because nonviolent confrontation is much more hard-hitting than violence by any means. This can be carried come to the fore through love, courage, strength, hope, and wisdom. Such action is faithful to the vision of a people living out a life of reconciliation in a violent world (Yoder 134).Works CitedKegley, Charles W Jr., and Raymond, Gregory A. From War to Peace. New York St. Martins Press, 2001.Thompson, Milburn J. Justice and Peace A height for Christians. New York Orbis Books, 2002.Walzer, Michael. Just and Unjust Wars. New York Basic Books, 2000.Yoder, John Howard. What Would You Do? Pennsylvania Herald Press, 1992.

Cystic Fibrosis :: essays research papers

Cystic FibrosisShelby Parker sits in the lotus position in the nerve centre of a hospital bed, her slender arms resting on the pillow in her lap. Cystic fibrosis is catching up with her. At 23 old age old Shelby stands at five foot two inches and weighs seventy pounds. She seems impossibly thin, her limbs are so frail its a wonder she can lift a glass of water. undecomposed a year ago, Shelby was a fulltime college student, but now she spends day and night connected to an oxygen tank. A hose runs into her nose, another pumps intravenous antibiotics into her arm. An infection to the highest degree killed her in January, and nothing short of a lung transplant will save her.A tiny doe-eyed women with a childs voice, Shelby is in a flavor and death test down with her disease. Her lungs, scarred by repeated infections, are failing. Ten years ago, death would have loomed certain. Today there is hope. Just a few miles from where Shelby waits, doctors at the University of North Carolina are leading a national effort to cure cystic fibrosis by repairing the faulty gene that causes the disease. But that prospect is still real far off.For Shelby, the only real hope lies in the hands her doctors who have the power to remove her weak, scarred lungs and replace them with a healthy set.Cystic Fibrosis is a disease caused by an inherited genetic defect. It is not contagious, yet about one in twenty-three people in the United States carry at least one defective gene. This statistic makes cystic fibrosis the most common genetic defect of its severity in the country.For many, cystic fibrosis used to be known as a childhood disease, and to some it still is. Just thirty years ago, the median survival age was only eight, but thanks to medical advances, life expectancy is now just under forty for cystic fibrosis patients. Today there are an alarming number of adults with this disease who face an added set of problems such(prenominal) as finding health insurance, going to colleg e, getting a job, and building permanent relationships- all while keeping up physical therapy and medications.For many years the causes of cystic fibrosis were a mystery, but recent advances in biology have made the reasons much more clear. Humans have a gene encoded in their DNA, which manufactures a special protein called CFTR. This protein controls the flow of chloride ions across the cell membrane.